A standard assumption among models of candidate source populations of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is that all sources in a candidate source population accelerate particles to the same maximum energy. Motivated by the fact that candidate astrophysical accelerators exhibit a vast diversity in terms of their relevant properties, such as luminosity, Lorentz factor, and magnetic field...
The local interstellar medium (LISM), consisting of neutral and ionized gas, dust, and magnetic fields, is the environment for the heliosphere and stellar astrospheres. LISM gas and magnetic fields penetrate deeply into these environments. The LISM consists of the partially ionized gas clouds extending to about 10 pc from the Sun, the surrounding Local Bubble with its fully ionized hydrogen...
